Although MP3 is the most popular format for encoding music, it is not the only one. There are two basic methods for compressing audio – lossless and lossy, and for each of these methods, there are many formats.

Lossless compression means that none of the audio data is removed during compression. Lossy compression means that audio data is permanently removed from the audio file. Lossy compression results in smaller files, but there is no audio data re-to its original size. MP3 is an example of lossy compression.

lossy compression formats

There are many options for MP3 encoding, when it comes to audio files. Microsoft reportedly developed the WMA format to avoid licensing costs related to MP3. WMA files with Windows Media Player that is included with the Windows operating system, as well as many other audio players to play. It features similar encoding rates to MP3 and similar file sizes.

AAC (AdvancedAudio Coding) is the format preferred by Apple and its popular iTunes and iPod products used. AAC files can be smaller than MP3 files because it uses encryption technology more efficiently. A 96 kbps AAC file is similar in sound quality at 128 kbps MP3 files.

Ogg Vorbis is another type of lossy compression and used. OGG as the file extension. This is an open-source and, unlike MP3, there are no patent restrictions on its use.

Lossless compression

For the audio puristWho is the best sound quality possible, lossless compression offers CD quality. The disadvantage is larger files sizes – while MP3 can compress audio in the range 80% – 90% compressed, lossless compression typically half the file.

lossless formats include FLAC, Monkey's Audio, and SHN (Shorten). These formats are supported by many players, audio and music are popular for archiving CD collections as well as for trade.